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Jupiter, spacecraft, and dark matter: What lies ahead in 2023

Jupiter, spacecraft, and dark matter: What lies ahead in 2023

© Spacecraft: ESA/ATG medialab; Jupiter: NASA/ESA/J. Nichols (University of Leicester); Ganymede: NASA/JPL; Io: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona; Callisto and Europa: NASA/JPL/DLR

The year 2022 marks the end of a year of historic space moments. The launch of the James Webb telescope and the successful first mission of Artemis to the Moon were highlights. So it is not surprising that 2023 will not be able to keep up with such a high pace. But boredom will not arise. Webb continues to provide great images and ESA already has a new space telescope in its starting blocks.

juice

One of the leading projects ESA Will Juice mission He is. probeJupiter Ise Satellites Explorer‘, as his name suggests, he will study the moons of Jupiter. roofs 3 ice moons Ganymede, Callisto and Europa It has a thick layer of water ice. must under it oceans You lie and JUICE will check it out.

The probe will compare the three moons over the next few years and see if life exists there. Ganymede is the most important target of the mission. Larger than Pluto and Mercury, it is the largest moon in our solar system. He is the only one who has his own magnetic fieldwhich will closely examine the probe.

The journey of the JUICE probe will be to distant Jupiter 2031 It takes. through the total 35 flight maneuvers The Sun, Earth, Moon and Venus must first gain momentum in order for it to 5.2 tons The arrival of a heavy probe to the gas planet. 2035 Their mission ends in a planned crash on Ganymede.

Euclid

Euclid It is definitely one of the most exciting science projects of the coming year. ought to dark energy And the dark matter Check and find it 10 billion years In the past. The researchers want to use the EUCLIDs’ data to answer why the expansion of the universe is accelerating. For this, the structure of the universe is measured by taking spectra of approx 35 million galaxies used to specify distances. become complementary 1.5 billion galaxies They were recorded to study spatial distribution and internal structures.

that Institute for Astronomy and Particle Physics at the University of Innsbruck and the Institute for Astrophysics at the University of Vienna She has been part of the Euclid Consortium since the beginning. You contribute to the scientific use of data and the ground part. It must be cherished 30 petabytes To process the data you want the telescope to transmit. This data is also being combined with images from ground-based telescopes, which will be one of the biggest challenges on the ground segment.

It will be the space telescope Summer 2023 in orbit to Lagrangian point 2 and maintains the James Webb Telescope Company there, among other things. There are two machines on board. The first is Telescope (VIS) focal length 24.5 meters And 3 mirrors that capture visible light. The second is NISP’s Near Infrared Spectrometer. Although EUCLID is an ESA project, NASA provided components for NISP. The telescope is named after the mathematician Euclid of AlexandriaApproximately 300 BC Engineering foundations.

Starship

Giant Heavy Lift Rocket Starship by Elon Musk SpaceX Still waiting for her first flight. He soon became very quiet about a potential December 2022 start, instead testing boosters.

Even if there is no exact date, the Starship’s first test flight shouldn’t be long in the future. The plan is for the rocket to lift off from a star base in Boca Chica, Texas, and fly into Earth orbit. Then it will plunge into the Pacific Ocean near Hawaii. In general, the trip 90 minutes It takes. Starship will, with a successful flight Space launch system Dethroned NASA as the most powerful rocket in the world.

Lunar special missions

The Moon remains a popular target, and not just for space agencies. astrobotics want sip peregrine falcon Early 2023 Launching to the moon. On board, among other things, M-42 radiation knife From German Aerospace Centre He is. It is intended to measure radiation on Earth’s satellite and determine exposure for long-range missions.

Lunar lander

Another US company is also aiming to carry out its first lunar mission. the mission IM-1 American company Intuitive machines It could take off in March 2023 on a Falcon 9 rocket after many delays. There are many scientific instruments on board, which are used, among other things, as part of Lunar commercial payload services NASA program will be brought to the moon.

Earth care

The Care Earth probe is set to revolutionize weather forecasting. The project, which is being carried out by the European Space Agency and the Japanese space agency JAXA, will examine the Earth’s atmosphere in great detail. equipped b atmospheric lidar (ATLID) and the Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR) Clouds should be examined closely.

To do this, aerosols and other particles in clouds are measured. The goal is to learn more about how clouds balance Earth’s temperature.

The mission aims to improve our understanding of clouds and the atmosphere. This was also the goal of the original mission, but as the project progressed it became clear that the observations could be incorporated into weather models. It should help make weather forecasts more accurate.

Aryan 6

Europe’s new massive Ariane 6 rocket has been waiting for its first launch for a long time The first flight. In fact, this year should have been the last. However, development has been delayed and the first launch is now not planned until the end of 2023. Its predecessor will be the Ariane 5 and flights with the Russian Soyuz rocket replace.

Ariane 6 at Kourou Spaceport

The rocket is the centerpiece of Europe’s plan to become more independent in space travel. The later the start, the more dependence on international partners. After the end of cooperation with Russia in most areas, the European Space Agency is increasingly turning towards the United States.

beautiful

Austria will also participate in space in 2023. Micro-climate satellite beautiful Passive REflecTomeTry and Dosimetry is developed by Graz University of Technology And the Beyond gravity Designed and built. CubeSat uses a new measurement method in the ESA project. he will ice capsthe sea ​​level rise and the the intensity of the waves live up. The data should be particularly useful in coastal cities that are at risk of flooding.

PRETTY is planned to be on board Vega C It starts in March. However, it is questionable whether this will happen as planned after the failed first commercial flight of the new European missile. It is not yet known what caused the malfunction. The missile had to be brought to a controlled crash about 2 minutes after launch (Futurezone reported). What this means for the next planned launches is not clear at this time.